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Hemorrhoids (Piles): Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus that may cause discomfort, itching, pain, or bleeding. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus). Common causes include constipation, straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, obesity, and pregnancy. Although often uncomfortable, hemorrhoids are usually not a serious condition and can often be managed with self-care or medical treatments.